Refine a research question (PICO)
Turn a vague question into a structured, searchable one and list what is missing.
- Use it for
- Scoping a literature search before you open PubMed or another database.
- Who it is for
- Research analysts, founders, medical writers
- You will need
- Your rough question
- Condition or topic area
- Any known constraints (population, time window, study type)
- What you get back
- A PICO breakdown, flagged assumptions, alternative framings and candidate search terms.
- Human reviewer
- Senior researcher or clinical scientist
I am a [ROLE] preparing a literature search. My rough question is: [QUESTION]. Rewrite it as a PICO question (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome). List any assumptions you made, any parts of the question that are ambiguous, and 3 alternative framings. Suggest search concepts and synonyms I could use in a database search. Do not cite any papers; this step is only about structuring the question.
Check the output, safety and limits
Verify
- Check each assumption with a subject expert
- Confirm search terms against a controlled vocabulary such as MeSH in the database itself
Safety and privacy
- Use general descriptions of the topic. Do not include unpublished programme details.
Limitations
- The model does not know which framing fits your regulatory or commercial context.
Learn more: Research and literature